Hello, I am Advocate Brownie Ebal
I am a legal Practitioner, Venture Capitalist and Philanthropist.
Welcome to my site.
I love life, travelling, food, beauty, the law, leadership and meeting people from diverse backgrounds. I hope to inspire each one of you with my various articles as I share from my experiences around our beautiful world.
I live in Kampala, Uganda.
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Article 43: Legal and Practical Implications of Airspace Blockades: Insights from the East African Law Society Webinar
Written by Brownie Ebal and Victoria Nakiyimba.
The East African Law Society is the regional Bar Association of East Africa. It was formed in 1995 and incorporated in Tanzania. The EALS has over 42,000 individual members and also has seven national Bar associations as members: Law Society of Kenya, Tanganyika Law Society, Uganda Law Society, Zanzibar Law Society, Rwanda Bar Association, Burundi Bar Association, South Sudan Bar Association and Ethiopian Federal Advocates Association. The Ethiopian Federal Advocates Association is the latest Bar Association to join the Society. One of its key roles is to develop the capacity of the legal profession to respond to emerging challenges to businesses, governance and trade, among other areas. In line with its mandate, the East African Law Society recently hosted a high-level webinar on “Air and Space Blockade of Civil Aircraft: The Law and Its Implications” on 6th March 2025. The session, convened by Arnold Agaba, Chair of the East African Law Society’s Committee on Air and Space, brought together experts to discuss the legal frameworks governing airspace closures, their practical effects, and potential dispute resolution mechanisms.
The panel featured Dr. William Kiema, a lecturer at Kisii University, Mr. Francis Okello Abe, Solicitor and Arbitration Specialist, Francis Mostyn & Co.- Solicitors, Jean Bosco Mangana, Managing partner, Mutagana Partners and an expert in international law and aviation security.
Dr. William K. provided a detailed overview of the legal instruments governing airspace blockades, emphasizing the Chicago Convention (1944) as the primary international treaty that governs state sovereignty over airspace. Article 1 of the convention affirms a state’s right to control its airspace, while Article 9 allows for airspace closures only under military necessity or public safety concerns. Additionally, the UN Charter plays a role in imposing “no-fly zones” through UN Security Council resolutions, as seen in cases such as the Libyan no-fly zone implemented for humanitarian reasons.
Mr. Francis O. explored the practical consequences of airspace restrictions, particularly their impact on aviation operations and economies. He highlighted the Russia-EU airspace restrictions as a contemporary case study, explaining how the EU’s ban on Russian aircraft in 2022 led to a retaliatory ban by Russia on 36 European nations. This forced airlines to reroute flights, leading to increased fuel costs, longer travel times, and operational inefficiencies. He pointed out that such restrictions have placed European airlines at a disadvantage, demonstrating how airspace blockades can be wielded as powerful geopolitical tools.
Mr. Jean Bosco Mutagana expanded on the diplomatic and humanitarian challenges that arise from airspace closures. While states have the right to control their airspace, these actions must balance security interests with international cooperation. Blockades can disrupt the delivery of essential services such as humanitarian aid and emergency evacuations, violate international human rights—particularly the right to free movement—and have significant economic repercussions, including trade restrictions and retaliatory sanctions. He cited the 2017 Qatar airspace blockade, imposed by Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, and Bahrain, as an example of an airspace restriction with profound legal and diplomatic implications. The case was eventually brought before the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Court of Justice (ICJ), where it was determined that such blockades should not be used as political coercion tools.
The discussion then turned to dispute resolution mechanisms in airspace conflicts. Dr. William K. and Mr. Francis O. highlighted that the ICAO Council is the primary body responsible for adjudicating disputes, but appeals can escalate to the ICJ, as seen in the Qatar case. However, many states prefer diplomatic negotiations or economic retaliation over legal proceedings due to enforcement challenges. Mr. Francis O. also emphasized the growing importance of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), particularly mediation and arbitration, as more effective and practical means of resolving airspace disputes. He noted ongoing diplomatic discussions between the EU and Russia as an example of states seeking negotiated solutions rather than prolonged litigation.
The webinar concluded with a call for greater international coordination to prevent politically motivated airspace blockades. While states have the right to control their airspace, excessive restrictions disrupt global trade and aviation. The panelists agreed that legal frameworks must evolve to balance national security concerns with economic and humanitarian interests. They also highlighted the need for more lawyers specializing in aviation law, particularly in Africa, where air transport is critical for economic growth and regional integration. The panel also highlighted that airspace closures should remain a last resort rather than a geopolitical tool.
As air travel continues to shape global diplomacy and trade, the role of legal frameworks in regulating airspace blockades will remain a crucial area for legal and policy debates.
For more information about the East African law Society and the industry experts kindly visit the EALS website on: https://ealawsociety.org/
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Article 42: Execution: Getting the Right Things Done in 2025
Written by Brownie Ebal and Nakiyimba Victoria.
A crowd of over 500 people gathered at the Kampala Serena Hotel Victoria Ball room for a night of inspiration hosted by Pepe Minambo on 26th February 2025.In any pursuit of success, strategy is key, but execution is what truly determines the outcome. At An Evening of Inspiration, Pepe Minambo shared powerful insights on how to bridge the gap between planning and achievement. Using a striking analogy, he reminded the audience: “A cat that dreams to be a lion must lose its appetite for rats.” This was a call to abandon small distractions and focus on the bigger picture.
One of the key reasons strategies fail is the lack of a clear vision. A plan without a defined purpose quickly loses direction. Even with a strong vision, ineffective processes, poor communication, and lack of commitment can hinder execution. Many organisations struggle because employees do not fully buy into the strategy, leading to loss of momentum and, ultimately, failure. Execution is not just about setting goals; it requires sustained recognition, motivation, and clear direction as highlighted by Dr. Fabian Kasi, Managing Director, Centenary Bank. He also stated that for one to execute their strategy, there are hard decisions that need to be made. These include firing the people who are not fit for the job and hiring a more
competent and dedicated team.
Proscovia Nabbanja, Chief Executive Officer, Uganda National Oil Company, stated that to develop winning strategies, it is essential to set clear milestones and celebrate small wins along the way. Achieving long-term success requires balancing stretch goals—ambitious targets that push growth—with normal targets that ensure steady progress. Communication plays a vital role in execution, and for any strategy to succeed, information must flow freely both upwards and downwards within an organization.
She stated that at UNOC, the vision is understood from the cleaners to the CEO. the receptionist should be able to clearly explain the vision of the company to all the clients that walk into the company. She believes that when employees understand the bigger picture and their role within it, engagement and productivity improve. Additionally, leveraging productivity tools can make execution smoother and more efficient.
Jonathan V. Cuevas emphasised the importance of using technology, such as AI assistants, to optimize work processes and stay on track. He highlighted that the reality of workplace engagement today is concerning where studies show that only 23% of employees are thriving at work, while 59% are quietly quitting—showing up but lacking motivation and involvement. Even more alarming, 18% are actively disengaged, openly dissatisfied and unproductive. He stated that to shift disengaged employees toward engagement, organisations must first measure engagement levels regularly. Furthermore, open discussions should be encouraged to understand the barriers holding employees back. When people feel heard, valued, and are given opportunities to contribute meaningfully, their commitment to execution increases. Therefore, as CEO’s or management in a company, we should endeavor to engage our employees and ensure that they feel heard and are valued.
Well renowned inspirational speaker, Robert Burale, stated that for one to ably execute their goals, they should have 4 people in their corner. The coach, mentor, sponsor and pace setter. The coach will provide guidance, support, and feedback on your improvement journey, the mentor is someone you admire, who has walked the same journey as you and who will use their experience and skills to guide and inspire you, the sponsor will speak your name in rooms, you have will not have access to and will actively advocate for and support your advancement and growth, and finally; the pace setter will set the high standards for you to follow so you can be able to achieve your targets and surpass them.
In a nutshell, the conversation underscored that strategy without execution is meaningless. Success in 2025 will not come from merely setting goals but from actively working towards them, ensuring alignment, accountability, and a culture of continuous improvement. For those looking to turn their plans into tangible results, it is time to refine execution—because in the end, it is not just about having the right strategy, but about getting the right things done.
For more information; kindly subscribe to Pepe Minambo’s You tube channel for more inspiring content: https://www.youtube.com/@pepeminambotv1207
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Article 41: The Cure for Insecurity: Embracing God’s Security and Confidence
Written by Brownie Ebal
As we go through life, we face setbacks and often second-guess ourselves. It is heartbreaking to see young people struggling with mental health challenges, some even taking their own lives. This article is meant to offer encouragement and hope during dark times, reminding you that you
are not alone.I have experienced this myself, as have many others. My deepest moments of self-doubt came when I started my master’s program. It was an incredibly challenging transition—I found myself in a new environment, struggling to adjust to a different way of life.
My classmates seemed far ahead of me, always prepared, while I felt like I was lagging behind. The coursework was intense—we had to read over 600 pages of a judgment for just one case, and each class required reading multiple cases. It was overwhelming.
During this time, I found myself questioning everything, even doubting God’s providence and guidance. But in the midst of it all, I found solace in a preaching by Joyce Meyer. Here are my key takeaways—lessons that may encourage you if you ever find yourself in a similar season of doubt.Do not doubt yourself or God’s purpose for your life.
Security is part of our inheritance from God. He desires for us to be safe, confident, and free from fear. However, many people struggle with insecurity, constantly worrying about what others think or fearing failure. True security comes not from external validation but from knowing who we are in Christ.Our security is not found in money, status, or other people’s opinions—it comes from God. Isaiah 54:17 reminds us: “No weapon that is formed against you shall prosper… This [peace, righteousness, security, triumph over opposition] is the heritage of the servants of the Lord.” This means that our confidence is not based on circumstances but on God’s unshakable
promises. When we trust Him, we can live free from fear and anxiety.Many people are afraid to try new things because they fear failure. But failing at something does not make you a failure. Proverbs 24:16 says: “For though the righteous fall seven times, they rise again.” Think about a baby learning to walk. They fall multiple times, but they do not stop trying. In the same way, we should not be discouraged by setbacks. Instead, we should see them as part of the journey to growth.
Confidence is not about never feeling afraid—it is about trusting God despite how we feel. John 10:28-29 reassures us: “No one can snatch them out of my hand.” This means that our security is in God, not in what we see or feel. Even when we do not feel confident, we can still choose to act in faith, knowing that God is with us.
The enemy often uses people—even those close to us—to bring discouragement. But our identity is not based on others’ opinions. 1 Samuel 17:23-29 tells the story of David facing Goliath. Before David even fought the giant, his own family doubted him. However, David knew who he was in God, and he did not let their words stop him. Similarly, we all have giants in our lives—challenges that try to shake our faith. But 1 Samuel 17:30 reminds us: “David turned away to someone else and brought up the same matter.” Sometimes, we need to turn away from negativity and focus on what God says about us. Romans 8:35 declares that we are more than
conquerors in Christ!
Our feelings are temporary, but God’s word is eternal. 2 Corinthians 5:21 says: “God made him who had no sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.” Even when we feel unworthy or inadequate, we should remind ourselves of what God says about us.
We are loved, chosen, and victorious through Him.
One of the greatest sources of security is knowing that God is always by our side. Joshua 1:5 promises: “I will never leave you nor forsake you.” And Psalm 23:3 reminds us that God restores our souls and guides us on the right path. When fear or doubt creeps in, we can stand firm in the knowledge that God is in control and will take care of every situation.
Overcoming insecurity starts with shifting our focus from ourselves to God. When we understand that our security comes from Him, we can step out in faith, try new things, and live confidently, knowing that no challenge is too great for God. Instead of living by fear or other people’s opinions, we should hold onto God’s promises, walk in His truth, and trust that He will always be with us.For more insights, watch: https://youtu.be/8Z2qGCO6uhk?si=tct1d-zzt0VLylf-– Joyce Meyer.
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Article 40: Mastering Competition and Consumer Protection Law hosted by the East Africa Law Society (EALS)
On 6th February 2025, the East Africa Law Society (EALS) hosted a webinar on Competition and Consumer Protection Law, bringing together experts to discuss key legal principles, enforcement mechanisms, regional trends, and career opportunities for lawyers in this evolving field. Below are the insights from the webinar;
Dr. Willard Mwemba, CEO of the COMESA Competition Commission (CCC), emphasized that competition law plays a crucial role in ensuring fair markets and economic development. He explained that monopolies harm consumers by driving up prices and limiting innovation, which is why enforcement is essential. He highlighted cases like CAF vs. Lagardère Sports, where COMESA intervened to break an exclusive 28-year football broadcasting contract, opening the market for more players. For more information about COMESA Competition Commission, please visit: https://comesacompetition.org
Consumer protection laws were also a key focus, with Steven Kamukama from CCC explaining how they safeguard consumers from deceptive business practices and unfair contracts. He pointed to the Vodacom & Airtel case in Tanzania, where excessive mobile money transaction fees led to regulatory action, and the Uber-Kareem merger in Egypt, which was
approved under conditions to prevent monopoly pricing. The rise of digital markets and e-commerce presents new challenges, as consumers are often subjected to misleading advertising and hidden costs.
Senior Counsel Pheona Wall discussed the Uganda Competition Act (2024), which provides a legal framework for fair competition and consumer protection. However, Uganda still faces challenges in enforcement due to the lack of implementing regulations and differences in regional legal structures. Unlike Kenya and Tanzania, which have independent competition authorities, Uganda’s competition law is overseen by the Ministry of Trade. She also highlighted the need for stronger oversight in digital finance and mobile money services to prevent unfair pricing and monopolistic behavior.Joel Amenya Omari of the Competition Authority of Kenya (CAK) shared insights on enforcement mechanisms. Investigating anti-competitive practices, such as price-fixing and unfair mergers, remains a priority, but regulating companies operating across multiple jurisdictions is a challenge. The dominance of tech companies also creates regulatory hurdles, as
many operate in multiple countries with varying legal frameworks.
The webinar underscored that competition law is an emerging and lucrative field in Africa, with increasing opportunities for lawyers and businesses. However, enforcement remains a challenge, particularly in digital markets. Institutions like the Fidelis Leadership Institute are stepping in to offer training and certification for legal professionals looking to specialize in this area. Please visit: https://fidelis-institute.org for more information about Fidelis Leadership Insitute.For more information about the program, please visit; https://ealawsociety.org
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Article 39: Effective Legal Writing: Enhancing Your Practice through Effective Client Communication
written by Brownie Ebal and Nakiyimba Victoria
On 11th February 2025, the East Africa Law Society (EALS) convened a session on Effective Legal Writing: Enhancing Your Practice through Effective Client Communication. EALS, the premier regional bar association for East Africa, brings together legal professionals to promote excellence, advocacy, and capacity building in the legal field.
The session focused on why clear, structured, and client-focused legal writing is crucial for building trust, improving client relationships, and enhancing a lawyer’s professional reputation. Legal writing is not just about technical accuracy—it determines how clients perceive legal advice, how well they understand their legal position, and ultimately, how they act on it.
The discussion was moderated by David A. Asiedu, who set the stage with a compelling scenario: a client in distress calls their lawyer for urgent advice. How the lawyer communicates—balancing clarity, reassurance, and precision—can make all the difference. Below are the key takeaways from the session:- Delivering Difficult News with Sensitivity – James Mukasa Sebugenyi (S&L Advocates) emphasized that lawyers must frame their communication carefully, especially when delivering bad news. He advised against third-party communication, which can lead to misunderstandings, and recommended always conducting a situational analysis, avoiding excessive legal jargon, and revising messages before sending to prevent emotional responses.
- The Importance of Clarity – Kamami Christine Michira (Partner, IKM Advocates) highlighted common pitfalls in legal writing, such as overcomplicated language and failure to consider the client’s perspective. She stressed precision in wording, correct use of legal terminology, and the importance of punctuation to avoid contractual misunderstandings. Her advice: read widely, sharpen writing skills, and prioritize clarity over complexity.
- Managing Client Expectations – Edith Michael Mtweve (Senior Consultant, Victory Attorneys & Consultants) spoke on proactive client communication. She advised setting clear expectations from the outset, avoiding over-promising, and using tools like checklists and timelines to help clients understand legal processes. Regular updates help reduce anxiety and build long-term trust.
- Building Long-Term Client Relationships – Gabriel Mading Apach (Commercial Law Lecturer, University of Juba) underscored the need for responsiveness and consistency in client communication. He warned against conflicting messages from different firm members and stressed the importance of a standardized communication strategy. His advice update clients proactively, listen patiently, and present legal advice in understandable terms.
- Becoming a Thought Leader in Legal Writing – Aslam Moosajee (Executive, ENS Africa) encouraged lawyers to analyze and summarize judgments in plain English to establish themselves as experts in their fields.
- Making Legal Writing Impactful – Francis Kamulegeya (Non-Executive Director, MTN Uganda) highlighted the power of structured, credible writing, sharing an example of how well-crafted legal writing influenced a tax policy change.
- Lessons from Media & Editing – Carol Alyse Beyanga (Media Consultant, Uganda) provided an external perspective, emphasizing that legal writing should be engaging, clear, and analytical, rather than a mere repetition of court rulings.
- Legal Writing and Social Impact – Isabel Acquah (Executive Director, Certa Foundation) encouraged lawyers to use their writing skills to support marginalized communities, startups, and legal education initiatives.
In conclusion, effective legal writing is not just about what lawyers say, but about what clients understand, how they feel, and how they act. Strong communication builds trust, prevents misunderstandings, and enhances the lawyer-client relationship. Lawyers who master this skill stand out as credible advisors and thought leaders.For more insights about the session, please click on the link to watch the full video: https://www.youtube.com/live/7q–a9ggucs?si=CgFjRr3iyDqRE0ij
For more information about the subject, please visit: https://ealawsociety.org
About Me
I love reading, writing, attending events, learning, leadership and meeting new people.
I hold a Masters Degree in International Law and I am passionate about life.
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